老年脑卒中患者并发医院获得性肺炎的危险因素分析Risk factors of hospital acquired pneumonia in senile stroke patients
孙文霞,吴刚
摘要(Abstract)：
目的分析老年脑卒中患者并发医院获得性肺炎(HAP)的危险因素及探讨防范措施。方法选取北京市社会福利医院2014年9月-2018年3月收治的483例脑卒中患者的临床资料,以回顾性的方式进行调查统计分析。结果在483例研究患者中,发生HAP的患者有47例(9.73%)。患者并发医院获得性肺炎的主要危险因素为广谱抗生素的使用、气管插管(或气管切开)、留置胃管、意识障碍、应用H2受体阻滞剂、心衰、糖尿病、住院时间、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)等。在47例患者中痰培养85例,其中有77例检验出细菌存在(90.58%),主要以化脓性链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌等为主。结论老年脑卒中患者并发医院获得性肺炎的危险因素较多,提示临床预防医院内获得性肺炎的正确方向是积极治疗、谨慎使用广谱抗生素、减少侵入性操作、注意医院内卫生和危险因素的控制,才能有效减少HAP的发生。
关键词(KeyWords)： 脑卒中;医院获得性肺炎;危险因素
基金项目(Foundation): 河北省卫生和计划生育委员会课题(361026)
作者(Author): 孙文霞,吴刚
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