新疆医科大学学报

目的:了解乌鲁木齐市社区老年人轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)的患病情况,分析与此患病相关的因素。方法:2008年7～10月,根据美国精神病学会的精神障碍诊断和统计手册第4版修订版(DSM-Ⅳ)中轻度认知功能障碍的临床诊断标准,采用随机整群抽样的方法对乌鲁木齐市3个社区,年龄≥60岁的老年人进行现况调查。调查分为两个阶段:第一阶段为筛查,由经过培训的调查员完成调查问卷及简易精神状况量表(MMSE);第二阶段临床诊断,对有主诉或家属诉其有明显记忆障碍者,及MMSE分数低于界值者进一步进行临床体格检查及总体衰退量表(GDS)、Hachinski缺血指数量表(HIS)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、神经系统检查表、临床痴呆评定量表(CDR)等测验,并由两名神经科医师作出最后诊断。结果:共计调查1511例,其中男性686例,女性825例,MCI者148例,占9.79%,在不同年龄段、不同文化程度及不同职业间,MCI患病率之间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:乌鲁木齐市社区老年人MCI的患病率为9.79%;MCI患病率存在显著的年龄、受教育程度和职业的差异;患病率均随年龄增加而上升,随着文化程度的增高而降低。高龄、低教育水平、体力劳动者为老年MCI的高发人群。

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among elderly people and the associated factors to it. Methods:From July to October in 2008,according to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for Mild Cognitive Impairment,we adopted a random,cluster sampling method to investigate the elderly people aged 60 or above living in three communities of Urumqi. The survey was separated in two stages. In the first stage,the visit to the subjects was performed by trained Inter-viewers to conduct general questionnaire and simple mental state examination (MMSE). In the second stage,for subjects with complaints or distinct congnitive impairments and those with the scores less than the cut-off point of MMSE. The tests were conducted which include physical examine,Global Deterioration Scale,Hachinski Ischemic Scale,Hamilton Depression Scale,Clinical Dementia Rating and neurological examination. Then MCI was diagnosed by the consensus of two neurologists. Results:A total of 1 511 subjects include 686 males and 825 femates. Among the subjects,148(9.79% ) were defined to have MCI. The prevalence of MCI have significance differences with different ages,educations and occupations (P<0.05). Conclusion:The prevalence of MCI was 9.79% among the elderly in the communities of Urumqi. The educational level,age and occupation are related to MCI. The seniors,the less educated and the manual workers were high risk group of MCI.