新疆医科大学学报

目的 探讨乌鲁木齐新市区青少年特发性脊柱侧弯(Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, AIS)现状及影响因素。方法 采用横断面研究，于2023年5月-2024年10月通过整群抽样选取乌鲁木齐新市区6所中学的初一和初二年级在校学生为研究对象，通过体格检查、目测观察、前屈实验结合脊柱侧弯测量尺测量开展脊柱侧弯筛查。采用问卷收集人口学特征、生活行为方式、自我感受等数据进行单因素和多因素分析，探讨AIS发生的影响因素。结果 有效调查2 315名中学生，AIS总检出率为2.25%,男生检出率为1.72%,女生检出率为2.78%。单因素分析结果显示，经常性头痛/头晕、胸痛胸闷、含胸驼背、学习舞蹈、喜欢喝饮料、BMI值与AIS发生相关(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示，学习舞蹈(OR=2.085,95%CI:1.134～3.831)、BMI<18.5(OR=2.395,95%CI:1.305～4.398)是AIS的危险因素。结论 乌鲁木齐新市区AIS检出率为2.25%,需引起足够重视，加强身体活动和保持良好的坐站姿有益于降低AIS筛查阳性风险。

Objective To investigate the current status of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS) in the Xinshi District of Urumqi and the influencing factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted by cluster sampling to select students in grades 7 and 8 from 6 middle schools in the Xinshi District of Urumqi from May 2023 to October 2024 as the study subjects.Screening for scoliosis was performed through physical examinations, visual observations, the forward bend test and measurements using a scoliosis meter. Questionnaires were used to collect data on demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, and self-perceptions for univariate and multivariate analysis of factors influencing, explore the influencing factors of AIS occurrence. Results A valid survey of 2 315 middle school students revealed an overall detection rate of AIS at 2.25%, with a detection rate of 1.72% among male students and 2.78% among female students. Univariate analysis results indicated that frequent headaches/dizziness, chest pain/chest tightness, hunchback posture, learning dance, preference for drinking beverages and BMI value were associated with the occurrence of AIS(P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis results showed that learning dance(OR=2.085, 95%CI:1.134～3.831) and BMI<18.5(OR=2.395, 95%CI:1.305～4.398) were risk factors for AIS. Conclusion The detection rate of AIS in Xinshi District of Urumqi is 2.25%, sufficient attention needs to be paid. Enhancing physical activity and maintaining good sitting and standing postures are beneficial for reducing the risk of a positive AIS screening.