新疆医科大学学报

目的探讨新疆维吾尔族2型糖尿病(T2DM)人口学特征、生活饮食习惯方面的危险因素。方法选择2012年6月-2013年3月新疆医科大学第一附属医院确诊为2型糖尿病的20~79岁维吾尔族病人781例作为病例组,选择同期于该院体检的血糖、尿糖正常及性别、年龄构成无差异且非2型糖尿病者941例作为对照组。以《糖尿病危险因素调查表》对所有纳入对象进行问卷调查。采用Logistic回归对数据进行分析并筛选出2型糖尿病的独立危险因素。结果多因素Logistic回归分析显示,人口学特征因素中年龄为危险因素,OR(95%CI)为2.204(1.970².467),来自农村较来自城市患T2DM的风险更大OR(95%CI)为2.976(2.269³.902),文盲、小学文化程度较本科及本科以上更易患T2DM,OR(95%CI)分别为4.794(2.543⁹.040)、2.426(1.565³.762),而中学、大专文化程度与本科及以上之间则无差异(P>0.05);饮食生活习惯方面,被动吸烟、饮酒、主食面类为危险因素,而体育锻炼、豆制品摄入量为保护因素;女性绝经比未绝经更易患T2DM,OR(95%CI)为4.644(3.002⁷.183)。结论随着年龄的增加,维吾尔族患T2DM的风险也在增大,不同来源地和文化程度的维吾尔族人群患T2DM的风险也不同;被动吸烟、饮酒、主食面类会增加维吾尔族患T2DM的风险,而保护因素则是豆制品摄入量及体育锻炼;女性绝经会增大患T2DM的风险。

Objective To find out the risk factors about demographic characteristic,eating and life style of Uyghur patients with type 2diabetes(T2DM).Methods 781 cases with type 2diabetes aged from twenty to seventy nine were selected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,while 941 without type 2diabetes were taken as contrast group.A multivariable unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios(OR)of Uyghur T2 DM risk factors.Results The results of analysis revealed age,as a demographic characteristic,was a one of the risk factors,and the OR(95%CI)was 2.204(1.970-2.467).patients from countryside had higher risk to get T2 DM than from cities,and the OR(95%CI)was 2.976(2.269-3.902);educational status of illiterate or primary school had higher risk to get T2 DM than bachelor degree and above,and the OR(95%CI)were 4.794(2.54-9.040),2.42(1.565-3.762)respectively,while there were no significant difference among those whose educational status were high school,college and bachelor degree or above.As to eating and life style,passive smoking,alcohol,flour as staple were risk factors while exercise and soyaproduct were protective factors,and OR(95%CI)were 1.649(1.313-2.071),3.343(2.363-4.731),1.651(1.270-2.146),0.471(0.375-0.592),0.775(0.690-0.869)respectively;For female of menopause has higher risk to get T2 DM than those without.OR(95%CI)was 4.644(3.002-7.183).Conclusion Expect the factors that have been confirmed are risky or protective to T2 DM.There are also some special factors to Uyghur T2 DM,such as passive smoking,flour as staple for risk factors,soya foods as protective factors.Menopause is a T2 DM risk factor for Uyghur female.Therefore,some special measures need to be taken to Uyghur T2 DM.