新疆医科大学学报

目的:观察硝酸毛果芸香碱注射液对实验性家兔眼睛缩瞳作用及刺激性和毒性反应。方法:给正常家兔双眼滴入复方托品酰胺散瞳后,在麻醉状态下,行兔眼角膜缘穿刺前房,放出部分房水,分别注入1%、2%硝酸毛果芸香碱注射液。以BSS液作为对照组,在2、10min后分别测量瞳孔横径,并于24、48、72h在裂隙灯下观察双眼充血、角膜水肿及前房渗出情况。结果:注入2%硝酸毛果芸香碱注射液后的2、10min家兔眼睛的瞳孔横径从散瞳后的平均9.8mm分别缩至5.8mm、4.6mm,但均出现不同程度的流涎中毒症状。BSS液对家兔瞳孔横径几乎无影响和刺激性,对实验无干扰;注入1%的硝酸毛果芸香碱注射液后的2、10min家兔眼睛的瞳孔横径从散瞳后的平均11.0mm分别缩至6.0mm、5.2mm,家兔均未出现流涎中毒症状。结论:1%硝酸毛果芸香碱注射液的缩瞳作用可达到临床要求,而且毒副作用明显小于2%硝酸毛果芸香碱注射液。

Objective: To observe and study the effects of pilocarpine nitrate injection on the pupil contraction, irritation and toxic reaction in experimental rabbits. Methods: Tropic amide was first dropped into both eyes of normal rabbits. Then, 1% and 2% Pilocarpine Nitrate were injected into the eyes of the rabbits under anesthesia condition with BSS solution as controls. The diameters of the rabbit pupil were measured after 2 minutes and then 10 minutes.The hyperemia,cornea hydrops and anterior chamber exudation of the rabbits were observed under lamps after 24 hrs and 72 hrs respectively. Results: 2% pilocarpine nitrate injection decreased the average diameters of the rabbit pupils from 9.8 mm to 5.8 mm, 4.6 mm, but produced various sialotic intoxication symptoms; while the injection of BSS solution had no effects on the diameters of the control rabbit pupils as well as produced no irritating symptoms.1% pilocarpine nitrate injection decreased the average diameters of the rabbit pupils from 11.0 mm to 6.0mm, 5.2 mm, but had much less toxic side effects compared to the 2% pilocarpine nitrate injection. Conclusion: 1% Pilocarpine Nitrate will be an ideal solution that can be used in the pupil contraction operation. And toxic side effects is less than 2% obviously.