新疆医科大学学报

目的了解新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院血源性职业接触发生现状,分析职业接触危险因素。方法将2006～2009年的职业接触上报资料信息进行汇总、分析、总结。结果上报血源性职业接触事件共157例,其中构成比最高的医疗执业人员是护士(68.15%),职业接触构成比最高的操作环节是拔针(24.20%),致损伤锐器类型以采血针头、注射针头居首位,占50.32%;职业接触构成比最高的部门是外科,占65.61%;病房是职业接触的高发地点(40.76%);手是发生职业接触的主要伤害部位(93.63%);86.62%的职业接触所致锐器伤较浅,所有病例均进行紧急局部处理,96.82%职业接触事件未进行预防用药;接触源以乙肝患者居多(54.78%),1例转阳,为病理取材过程中发生;失访率5.10%。结论加强医疗安全培训,提高医务人员职业接触防范意识,规范操作流程,完善监测系统及报告流程是减少职业接触伤害的关键。

Objective To monitor the condition of occupational exposure among staffs in our hospital,to evaluate the risk factors of occupational exposure,to improve and perfect the monitoring and reporting program,to propose the preventive measures and reduce occupational exposure risk.Methods The data that reported in 157 blood-borne among staffs in our hospital from Dec.2006 to 2009 were analyzed and summarized.Results Among the occupational exposure degrees to blood source in medical staffs,the first group of people was nurses(68.15%),most occupational exposure appeared at the withdrawal of needles(24.20%) and common appeared in the pinhead of injection and drawblood(61.15%);The surgical departments held the primary part on the occupational exposure occurrence rate(65.61%);occupational exposure commonly happened in the ward(40.76%) and hand is the important location when occupational exposure occurred(93.63%)';all of the cases carried out local emergency treatment.,majority of the wound due to occupational exposure cases were superficial(86.62%),96.82% of the cases were not accept preventative medicine;HBV was the chief source of exposure(54.78%).The rate of the defaulters was high(5.10%);One staff got the infection,the event occurred during the time when taking samples in the pathology department.Conclusion It is the crux to reduce the rate of occupational exposure appearance by strengthen the training of medical staffs,enhancing the occupational exposure awareness of medical staffs,specifying the procedure and make consummating the reporting and monitoring program.